RS and GIS are a helpful tool to measure the soil erosion, to quickly monitor the dynamic changes in soil erosion distribution and extent. This paper, based on a case study of the upstream of Fenhe Reservoir in Yellow River, applies the Remote Sensing data of Landsat MSS (1976), TM (1990) and ETM+ (2002) to dynamically monitor the land erosion with the results indicating that the soil has been eroded extensively during 1976 to 1990, and turned to a good condition in general during 1990 to 2002, but still worsening locally. It is a big task to maintain the water and soil.